http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm
- W; \+ b7 f C8 TCoughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version4 [! o0 ^' k" a; V% {- }
Coughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract).
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Hemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract.2 e5 U% ^( z% {/ N
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Considerations$ c* q- R1 M, G& M) G; V, E$ U
/ |' k7 e2 f( ^4 _8 ]Coughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract.( T, r- \, _2 x8 P; l4 _, N
9 w$ `2 Q- l4 e! D; kBlood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood.
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4 @5 H! [. o9 F0 A3 r4 vCauses
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' N3 B' ?9 N* b3 q* qA number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:
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" m. |" W V) R( Y, o5 J: s' GBlood clot in the lung1 T! A* s R7 U7 q
Breathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration)
* o, [' M7 C/ S+ E8 BBronchoscopy with biopsy
: j1 x0 v! o% Z" ZBronchiectasis. }. [( p8 z( G& q$ K' [
Bronchitis
8 M6 F7 a7 N6 n' `. F1 M% f6 N( {6 O: pCancer3 k4 }4 C5 U% Y9 h; B2 I
Cystic fibrosis
5 i" a5 g& W0 x" h8 CInflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis)0 h8 j- k- _( q
Injury to the arteries of the lungs. d5 T4 U+ O+ L0 C5 X% w
Irritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood); g! g0 p) ~8 c$ L9 _
Pneumonia or other lung infections
: q3 j. M; H/ j9 N- FPulmonary edema
8 d+ n- P, y6 E- H- l/ V9 vSystemic lupus erythematosus
, T0 e. s A- H4 N" w Q( n8 F- mTuberculosis& p" t+ C4 m& f
Home Care! f/ R7 L# G# Z7 p) s: U! k7 {
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Cough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.
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- j( y" R0 Z' {) Z7 TIt is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms.
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9 D! h/ Z. J. y+ d/ {: s0 _When to Contact a Medical Professional
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Get medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:1 R' F! a7 M- W
: V* M# |) ^1 R8 \A cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood4 d' h! |; |! ^9 t$ m* Q
Blood in your urine or stools
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Dizziness
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Light-headedness
8 z' z& @7 ?( m! C- v( nSevere shortness of breath
; ~ b1 m u4 n1 m/ pWhat to Expect at Your Office Visit
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In an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:
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Type
! n: e- j' Q# Z% ~& u! g; [Are you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)?. z/ f! ]$ D5 [) {4 g- C; F- k& o
Can you see blood when you cough up something?
! L& O) M7 X* o8 UHow many times have you coughed up blood?
. H* o7 A7 d9 M" n3 a3 D( RIs there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?; `4 G# F& U8 Q4 k8 X4 R
Time pattern) h! C+ _' u" p7 \7 C
Did it begin suddenly?
7 V! l8 Z& Y6 B2 T5 v6 o+ ?' `* ~Has it increased recently?
$ {, I* X4 J" Y; v3 f3 y; kFor how many weeks has the cough lasted?- Y$ ^0 q9 L, a4 ?; ?4 c$ R
Is the cough worse at night?
+ m/ U. G* C [, W' l: y. pWhat other symptoms do you have?' @5 a% V1 B. L W1 @; f; f+ n. B
The doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:
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' m! ~( x9 M6 v5 }' o# TBronchoscopy, a test to view the airways
7 T) E: ?9 U; d+ q8 `" h& F7 sChest CT scan
8 X" e6 I( ], y& U8 b- uChest x-ray
$ L8 j9 w3 `* l3 bComplete blood count
; c) u7 @' k: d( t, Q. N) x* g/ RLung biopsy* f! L) A5 v0 ^! \/ k1 j
Lung scan& }' E8 M0 Z. D
Pulmonary arteriography
/ x8 l, z/ G1 p6 |# k* LSputum culture and smear
# a$ p k5 g9 }7 ]3 G4 u% K. uTest to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT |
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